<?php

/**
 * This file contains \QUI\Cache\Manager
 */

namespace QUI\Cache;

use DateInterval;
use DateTimeInterface;
use MongoDB\Client;
use QUI;
use QUI\Config;
use Stash;
use Stash\Pool;

use function array_unshift;
use function class_exists;
use function explode;
use function file_put_contents;
use function is_dir;
use function is_null;
use function is_numeric;
use function md5;

/**
 * Cache Manager
 * Easy access fot different cache types
 */
class Manager
{
    /**
     * Global clearing flag
     * better control about the cache clearing process
     * (for process performance optimization)
     */
    public static bool $noClearing = false;

    public static bool $stashLoaded = false;

    /**
     * Cache Manager Configs
     */
    public static ?Config $Config = null;

    /**
     * Stash Object
     */
    public static ?Stash\Pool $Stash = null;

    /**
     * File system stash object
     */
    public static ?Stash\Pool $FileSystemStash = null;

    /**
     * the stash multi handler
     */
    public static ?Stash\Interfaces\DriverInterface $Handler = null;

    /**
     * all stash cache objects
     *
     * @var array<int, Stash\Interfaces\DriverInterface>|null
     */
    public static ?array $handlers = null;

    /**
     * @var array<array-key, mixed>
     */
    protected static array $drivers = [];

    protected static string | int | null $currentDriver = null;

    /**
     * Returns explicitly the file system cache
     *
     * @deprecated use getDriver
     */
    public static function getFileSystemCache(): Stash\Pool | null
    {
        if (!is_null(self::$FileSystemStash)) {
            return self::$FileSystemStash;
        }

        $Config = self::getConfig();
        $conf = $Config->get('filesystem');
        $params = [
            'path' => VAR_DIR . 'cache/stack/'
        ];

        if (!empty($conf['path']) && is_dir($conf['path'])) {
            $params['path'] = $conf['path'];
        }

        try {
            $handler = new QuiqqerFileDriver($params);
        } catch (Stash\Exception\RuntimeException) {
            return null;
        }

        $Handler = new Stash\Driver\Composite([
            'drivers' => [$handler]
        ]);

        self::$FileSystemStash = new Stash\Pool($Handler);

        return self::$FileSystemStash;
    }

    /**
     * Cache Settings
     */
    public static function getConfig(): Config
    {
        if (!self::$Config) {
            try {
                self::$Config = QUI::getConfig('etc/cache.ini.php');
            } catch (QUI\Exception) {
                file_put_contents(CMS_DIR . 'etc/cache.ini.php', '');

                self::$Config = QUI::getConfig('etc/cache.ini.php');
            }
        }

        return self::$Config;
    }

    /**
     * Returns cached data.
     * Throws an exception if no data is present in the cache for the given key.
     *
     * @throws QUI\Cache\Exception
     */
    public static function get(string $name): mixed
    {
        if (self::getConfig()->get('general', 'nocache')) {
            throw new QUI\Cache\Exception(
                QUI::getLocale()->get(
                    'quiqqer/core',
                    'exception.lib.cache.manager.not.exist'
                ),
                404
            );
        }

        if (defined('QUIQQER_SETUP')) {
            throw new QUI\Cache\Exception(
                QUI::getLocale()->get(
                    'quiqqer/core',
                    'exception.lib.cache.manager.not.exist'
                ),
                404
            );
        }

        try {
            $Item = self::getStash($name);
            $data = $Item->get();
            $isMiss = $Item->isMiss();
        } catch (\Exception) {
            throw new QUI\Cache\Exception(
                QUI::getLocale()->get(
                    'quiqqer/core',
                    'exception.lib.cache.manager.not.exist'
                ),
                404
            );
        }

        /**
         * @todo
         *
         * Do not treat cache misses as missing cache items OR throw other
         * Exception.
         */
        if ($isMiss) {
            //
            // auskommentiert by hen, da diese vorgehensweise nicht optimal ist und server zugespamt werden
            //
//            QUI\System\Log::addDebug(
//                'Cache item "'.$name.'" is a miss. This means the item could not be reliably'
//                .' retrieved from the cache. This does NOT necessarily mean that the item is actually not cached.'
//                .' But QUIQQER currently handles all cache misses as a non-existing cache entry.'
//                .' This is behaviour will be fixed in the future. This message is for information'
//                .' purposes only.'
//            );

            throw new QUI\Cache\MissException(
                QUI::getLocale()->get(
                    'quiqqer/core',
                    'exception.lib.cache.manager.not.exist'
                ),
                404
            );
        }

        return $data;
    }

    /**
     * Create the Stash Cache Handler
     *
     * @param string $key - (optional) cache name, cache key
     *
     * @throws QUI\Exception|\Exception
     */
    public static function getStash(string $key = ''): Stash\Interfaces\ItemInterface
    {
        // pfad erstellen falls nicht erstellt ist
        if (!is_dir(VAR_DIR . 'cache/stack/')) {
            QUI\Utils\System\File::mkdir(VAR_DIR . 'cache/stack/');
        }

        if (!empty($key)) {
            $key = md5(__FILE__) . '/qui/' . $key;
        }

        if (empty($key)) {
            $key = md5(__FILE__) . '/qui/';
        }

        $key = QUI\Utils\StringHelper::replaceDblSlashes($key);

        if (self::$Stash !== null) {
            try {
                return self::$Stash->getItem($key);
            } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
                QUI\System\Log::writeException(
                    $Exception,
                    QUI\System\Log::LEVEL_ERROR,
                    [
                        'key' => $key
                    ]
                );

                throw $Exception;
            }
        }

        if (self::$handlers === null) {
            self::$handlers = self::getHandlers();
        }

        $Handler = new Stash\Driver\Composite([
            'drivers' => self::$handlers
        ]);

        $Stash = new Stash\Pool($Handler);
        self::$Stash = $Stash;

        return self::$Stash->getItem($key);
    }

    /**
     * @return array<int, Stash\Interfaces\DriverInterface>
     */
    public static function getHandlers(): array
    {
        $Config = self::getConfig();

        $handlers = [];
        $confHandlers = $Config->get('handlers');

        if (empty($confHandlers)) {
            $confHandlers = [
                'filesystem' => 1
            ];
        }

        foreach ($confHandlers as $confHandler => $bool) {
            if (!$bool) {
                continue;
            }

            switch ($confHandler) {
                case 'apc':
                    try {
                        array_unshift($handlers, self::getDriver([], 'apc'));
                    } catch (Stash\Exception\RuntimeException) {
                    }

                    break;

                case 'filesystem':
                    try {
                        $handlers[] = self::getDriver([], 'filesystem');
                    } catch (Stash\Exception\RuntimeException) {
                    }

                    break;

                case 'redis':
                    try {
                        $handlers[] = self::getDriver([], 'redis');
                    } catch (Stash\Exception\RuntimeException) {
                    }

                    break;

                case 'memcache':
                    try {
                        array_unshift($handlers, self::getDriver([], 'memcache'));
                    } catch (Stash\Exception\RuntimeException) {
                    }

                    break;

                case 'mongo':
                    try {
                        array_unshift($handlers, self::getDriver([], 'mongo'));
                    } catch (Stash\Exception\RuntimeException) {
                    }

                    break;
            }
        }

        // all handlers false, so we use filesystem
        if (empty($handlers)) {
            $handlers[] = self::getDriver();
        }

        return $handlers;
    }

    /**
     * Return the current cache driver.
     *
     * @param array<string, mixed> $options
     *
     * @throws Stash\Exception\RuntimeException
     */
    public static function getDriver(array $options = [], bool | string $driver = false): Stash\Driver\AbstractDriver
    {
        if ($driver === false) {
            $driver = self::getCurrentDriver();
        }

        $Config = self::getConfig();

        switch ($driver) {
            case 'apc':
                $conf = $Config->get('apc');
                $params = [
                    'namespace' => 'pcsg'
                ];

                if (isset($conf['namespace'])) {
                    $params['namespace'] = $conf['namespace'];
                }

                if (isset($options['namespace'])) {
                    $params['namespace'] = $options['namespace'];
                }

                if (isset($conf['ttl'])) {
                    $params['ttl'] = $conf['ttl'];
                }

                try {
                    return new Stash\Driver\Apc($params);
                } catch (Stash\Exception\RuntimeException) {
                }

                break;

            case 'redis':
                $conf = $Config->get('general', 'redis');
                $conf = explode(',', $conf);

                $servers = [];

                if (!empty($conf[0])) {
                    foreach ($conf as $server) {
                        $servers[] = explode(':', $server);
                    }
                }

                // check if empty
                if (empty($servers)) {
                    $servers[] = ['localhost'];
                }

                foreach ($servers as $key => $params) {
                    if (!isset($params[$key][0])) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    if (empty($params[$key][0][0])) {
                        $params[$key][0][$key] = 'localhost';
                    }
                }

                try {
                    return new QuiqqerRedisDriver([
                        'servers' => $servers
                    ]);
                } catch (Stash\Exception\RuntimeException) {
                }

                break;

            case 'memcache':
                // defaults
                $defaults = [
                    'prefix_key' => 'pcsg',
                    'libketama_compatible' => true,
                    'cache_lookups' => true,
                    'serializer' => 'json'
                ];

                // servers
                $serverCount = $Config->get('memcache', 'servers');
                $servers = [];

                for ($i = 1; $i <= $serverCount; $i++) {
                    $section = 'memcache' . $i;

                    $servers[] = [
                        $Config->get($section, 'host'),
                        $Config->get($section, 'port'),
                        $Config->get($section, 'weight')
                    ];
                }

                $defaults['servers'] = $servers;

                $conf = $Config->get('memcache');

                if (!empty($conf['prefix_key'])) {
                    $defaults['prefix_key'] = $conf['prefix_key'];
                }

                if (!empty($conf['libketama_compatible'])) {
                    $defaults['libketama_compatible'] = $conf['libketama_compatible'];
                }

                if (!empty($conf['cache_lookups'])) {
                    $defaults['cache_lookups'] = $conf['cache_lookups'];
                }

                if (!empty($conf['serializer'])) {
                    $defaults['serializer'] = $conf['serializer'];
                }

                if (!empty($options['prefix_key'])) {
                    $defaults['prefix_key'] = $options['prefix_key'];
                }

                try {
                    return new Stash\Driver\Memcache($defaults);
                } catch (Stash\Exception\RuntimeException) {
                }

                break;

            case 'mongo':
                if (!class_exists('\MongoDB\Client')) {
                    QUI\System\Log::write(
                        'Mongo DB Driver not found. 
                        Please install MongoDB\Client (php MongoDB extension) and the mongodb/mongodb package.
                        Otherwise don\'t use MongoDB as caching method',
                        QUI\System\Log::LEVEL_ALERT
                    );
                } else {
                    $conf = $Config->get('mongo');
                    $host = 'localhost';
                    $database = 'local';
                    $collection = 'quiqqer.cache';

                    // database server
                    if (!empty($conf['host'])) {
                        $host = $conf['host'];
                    }

                    if (!empty($conf['database'])) {
                        $database = $conf['database'];
                    }

                    if (!empty($conf['collection'])) {
                        $collection = $conf['collection'];
                    }

                    if (!str_contains($host, 'mongodb://')) {
                        $host = 'mongodb://' . $host;
                    }

                    if (!empty($conf['username']) && !empty($conf['password'])) {
                        $Client = new Client($host, [
                            "username" => $conf['username'],
                            "password" => $conf['password']
                        ]);
                    } else {
                        $Client = new Client($host);
                    }

                    try {
                        return new QuiqqerMongoDriver([
                            'mongo' => $Client,
                            'database' => $database,
                            'collection' => $collection
                        ]);
                    } catch (\Exception $exception) {
                        throw new Stash\Exception\RuntimeException(
                            $exception->getMessage(),
                            $exception->getCode()
                        );
                    }
                }

                break;
        }

        // default = filesystem
        $conf = $Config->get('filesystem');
        $params = [
            'path' => VAR_DIR . 'cache/stack/'
        ];

        if (!empty($conf['path']) && is_dir($conf['path'])) {
            $params['path'] = $conf['path'];
        }

        if (!empty($options['path']) && is_dir($options['path'])) {
            $params['path'] = $options['path'];
        }

        return new QuiqqerFileDriver($params);
    }

    protected static function getCurrentDriver(): int | string | null
    {
        if (self::$currentDriver === null) {
            return self::$currentDriver;
        }

        $Config = self::getConfig();
        $handlers = $Config->get('handlers');

        if (empty($handlers)) {
            self::$currentDriver = 'filesystem';

            return 'filesystem';
        }

        foreach ($handlers as $handler => $bool) {
            if ($bool) {
                self::$currentDriver = $handler;

                return $handler;
            }
        }

        self::$currentDriver = 'filesystem';

        return 'filesystem';
    }

    /**
     * Returns the Stash\Driver\Composite or the Stash\Driver
     */
    public static function getHandler(bool | string $type = false): Stash\Interfaces\DriverInterface | null
    {
        if ($type) {
            $handlers = self::$handlers;

            foreach ($handlers as $Handler) {
                if ($Handler::class == $type) {
                    return $Handler;
                }
            }

            return null;
        }

        if (self::$Handler === null) {
            return null;
        }

        return self::$Handler;
    }

    /**
     * Stores data into the cache.
     *
     * Putting something in the cache does not guarantee that it's actually stored.
     * This happens because of the cache's volatility.
     * That means that data can get lost or removed from cache at any time.
     *
     * @param string $name
     * @param mixed $data
     * @param DateInterval|DateTimeInterface|int|null $time Seconds, Interval or exact date at/after which the cache item expires.
     *                                                         If $time is null, the cache will try to use the default value,
     *                                                         if no default value is set, the maximum possible time for the used implementation will be used.
     */
    public static function set(
        string $name,
        mixed $data,
        null | DateInterval | DateTimeInterface | int $time = null
    ): void {
        if (defined('QUIQQER_SETUP')) {
            return;
        }

        try {
            $Stash = self::getStash($name);
            $Stash->set($data);

            if ($time instanceof DateTimeInterface) {
                $Stash->expiresAt($time);
            }

            if (is_numeric($time) || $time instanceof DateInterval) {
                $Stash->expiresAfter($time);
            }

            $Stash->save();
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::writeDebugException($Exception);
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    // region clearing

    /**
     * Clears the settings cache
     * - /settings/
     */
    public static function clearSettingsCache(): void
    {
        self::clear('settings');

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearSettingsCache');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears all or only a given entry from the cache.
     *
     * @param false|string $key - optional; if no key is given the whole cache is cleared
     */
    public static function clear(false | string $key = ""): void
    {
        if (self::$noClearing) {
            return;
        }

        try {
            self::getStash($key ?: '')->clear();

            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('cacheClear', [$key]);
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::writeException($Exception);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the complete quiqqer cache
     * - /quiqqer/
     */
    public static function clearCompleteQuiqqerCache(): void
    {
        self::clear('quiqqer');

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearCompleteQuiqqerCache');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }


        try {
            QUI\Utils\System\File::unlink(VAR_DIR . 'cache/compile');
        } catch (QUI\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @throws QUI\Exception
     */
    public static function clearTemplateCache(): void
    {
        QUI\Utils\System\File::unlink(VAR_DIR . 'cache/templates');
        QUI\Utils\System\File::unlink(VAR_DIR . 'cache/compile');

        self::clear('quiqqer/template');

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearTemplateCache');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the projects cache
     * - /quiqqer/projects/
     */
    public static function clearProjectsCache(): void
    {
        self::clear('quiqqer/projects/');

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearProjectsCache');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the project cache
     * - /quiqqer/projects/projectName
     *
     * @param string $projectName - name of the project
     */
    public static function clearProjectCache(string $projectName): void
    {
        self::clear('quiqqer/projects/' . $projectName);

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearProjectCache', [$projectName]);
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the project media cache
     *
     * @param false|string $projectName - optional, name of the project
     */
    public static function clearMediaCache(false | string $projectName = false): void
    {
        // clear all media cache
        if (empty($projectName)) {
            $projects = QUI::getProjectManager()->getProjectList();

            foreach ($projects as $Project) {
                try {
                    $Project->getMedia()->clearCache();
                } catch (QUI\Exception $Exception) {
                    QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
                }
            }

            return;
        }

        // clear specific media cache
        try {
            $Project = QUI::getProject($projectName);
            $Project->getMedia()->clearCache();
        } catch (QUI\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the groups cache
     * - /quiqqer/groups/
     */
    public static function clearGroupsCache(): void
    {
        self::clear('quiqqer/groups/');

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearGroupsCache');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the users cache
     * - /quiqqer/users/
     */
    public static function clearUsersCache(): void
    {
        self::clear('quiqqer/users/');

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearUsersCache');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the permissions cache
     * - /quiqqer/permissions/
     */
    public static function clearPermissionsCache(): void
    {
        self::clear('quiqqer/permissions/');

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearPermissionsCache');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the packages cache
     * - /quiqqer/packages/
     */
    public static function clearPackagesCache(): void
    {
        self::clear('quiqqer/packages/');

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearPackagesCache');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the package cache
     * - /quiqqer/package/packageName
     *
     * @param string $packageName - Name of the package
     */
    public static function clearPackageCache(string $packageName): void
    {
        self::clear('quiqqer/package/' . $packageName);

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('clearPackageCache', [$packageName]);
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * The purge function removes stale data from the cache backends while leaving current data intact.
     * Depending on the size of the cache and the specific drivers in use this can take some time,
     * so it is best called as part of a separate maintenance task or as part of a cron job.
     */
    public static function purge(): void
    {
        self::$Stash->purge();

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('cachePurge');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::writeException($Exception);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears the entire quiqqer cache.
     */
    public static function clearAll(): void
    {
        if (self::$noClearing) {
            return;
        }

        try {
            QUI::getTemp()->moveToTemp(VAR_DIR . 'cache/');

            self::getStash()->clear();

            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('cacheClearAll');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::writeException($Exception);
        }
    }

    //endregion

    /**
     * Returns the size of the /var/cache/ folder in bytes.
     * By default, the value is returned from cache.
     * If there is no value in cache, null is returned, unless you set the force parameter to true.
     * Only if you really need to get a freshly calculated result, you may set the force parameter to true.
     * When using the force parameter expect timeouts since the calculation could take a lot of time.
     *
     * @param boolean $force - Force a calculation of the cache folder's size. Values aren't returned from cache. Expect timeouts.
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public static function getCacheFolderSize(bool $force = false): int
    {
        $cacheFolder = VAR_DIR . "cache/";
        $size = QUI\Utils\System\Folder::getFolderSize($cacheFolder, $force);

        if (!$size) {
            return 0;
        }

        return $size;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the timestamp when the cache folder's size was stored in cache.
     * Returns null if there is no data in the cache.
     */
    public static function getCacheFolderSizeTimestamp(): ?int
    {
        $cacheFolder = VAR_DIR . "cache/";

        return QUI\Utils\System\Folder::getFolderSizeTimestamp($cacheFolder);
    }

    //region longtime

    /**
     * clear the complete quiqqer long time cache
     */
    public static function longTimeCacheClearCompleteQuiqqer(): void
    {
        self::longTimeCacheClear('quiqqer');

        try {
            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('longTimeCacheClearCompleteQuiqqerCache');
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }


        try {
            QUI\Utils\System\File::unlink(LongTermCache::fileSystemPath());
        } catch (QUI\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::addError($Exception->getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Clears all or only a given entry from the longtime cache.
     *
     * @param false|string $key - optional; if no key is given the whole cache is cleared
     */
    public static function longTimeCacheClear(false | string $key = ""): void
    {
        if (self::$noClearing) {
            return;
        }

        try {
            LongTermCache::clear($key ?: '');

            QUI::getEvents()->fireEvent('longTimeCacheClear', [$key]);
        } catch (\Exception $Exception) {
            QUI\System\Log::writeException($Exception);
        }
    }

    //endregion
}
